Imaging for early stage breast cancer

Dose to the heart

Darby et al., NEJM, 2013. Rates of major coronary events increased linearly with the mean dose to the heart by 7.4% per gray with no apparent threshold. Lee at al. Am J Cardiol, 2013. Patients with left-sided breast cancer treated with radiotherapy have a higher risk of severe stenosis involving the mid and distal left anterior descending arteries and the distal diagonal branches .

LAD artery dose  maximum dose to small volume