ESTRO 2020 Abstract book

S730 ESTRO 2020

house they had owned in Vienna is registered as “expropriated” in the Land registry. While Leopold Freund passed away in Brussels on January 7th 1943, his wife Stefanie survived the German occupation of Brussels in hiding. No restitution took place after 1945 and even today, no memorial can be found at the house where they resided in Vienna. Conclusion Leopold Freund’s story is typical of assimilated Jewish doctors in Western Europe during the period of National Socialism. It was only due to his scientific merits that he could obtain a Visa for Belgium in 1938. When remembering and honouring Leopold Freund for his scientific and medical achievements and for laying the groundwork for radiation therapy, the European radiation oncology community should be aware of his Jewish identity and the story of persecution under the Nazi regime which is linked to his narrative. PO-1294 Consistency of OAR delineation for clinical trials: A Global Harmonization Group Consensus R. Mir 1 , S. Kelly 2,3 , Y. Xiao 4 , A. Moore 5 , C. Clark 6 , E. Clementel 2 , C. Corning 2 , M. Ebert 5,7 , P. Hoskin 1 , C. Hurkmans 8 , S. Ishikura 9 , I. Kristensen 10 , S. Kry 11 , J. Lehmann 5,12 , J. Michalski 13 , A. Monti 2,14 , M. Nakamura 9 , K. Thompson 5,15 , H. Yang 16 , E. Zubizarreta 17 , N. Andratschke 2,18 , E. Miles 1 1 National Radiotherapy Trials Quality Assurance Group, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Middlesex, United Kingdom ; 2 European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Radiotherapy Quality Assurance, Brussels, Belgium ; 3 QUARTET Project, SIOP Europe, Brussels, Belgium ; 4 University of Pennsylvania, Radiation Oncology, Philadelphia, USA ; 5 Trans Tasman Radiation Oncology Group, Radiation Therapy Quality Assurance, New South Wales, Australia ; 6 National Radiotherapy Trials Quality Assurance Group, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, United Kingdom ; 7 Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital and University of Western Australia, Department of Radiation Oncology, Perth, Australia ; 8 Catharina Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands ; 9 Japan Clinical Oncology Group, Radiation Oncology, Tokyo, Japan ; 10 Skane University Hospital, Department of Hematology- Oncology- and Radiation Physics, Lund, Sweden ; 11 Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core, The University of Texas MD Anderson Centre, Texas, USA ; 12 Calvary Mater Hospital and University of Newcastle, Department of Radiation Oncology, Newcastle, Australia ; 13 Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Missouri, USA ; 14 ASST Niguarda Hospital, Department of Medical Physics, Milan, Italy ; 15 Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Radiation Oncology, Melbourne, Australia ; 16 Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Clinical Oncology, Cambridge, United Kingdom ; 17 International Atomic Energy Agency, Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy Section, Vienna, Austria ; 18 University Hospital of Zurich, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland Purpose or Objective The Global Quality Assurance of Radiation Therapy Clinical Trials Harmonisation Group (GHG) (https://rtqaharmonization.com) is a collaborative group of Radiotherapy Quality Assurance (RTQA) organisations harmonizing and improving RTQA for multi- institutional clinical trials. The GHG identified an unmet need for consistent and optimal OAR contouring guidance alongside standardized nomenclature to combat variation in and between clinical trials with a radiation therapy component. Material and Methods In August 2018 the GHG OAR multi-professional Working Group was formed, comprised of 22 members from 5 international RTQA Groups and affiliated

as well as newly contoured volumes possibly related to immune parameters (bone marrow and blood vessels). Early changes of relative numbers of immune cell subsets and their proliferation (4 weeks into therapy / baseline) were tested for correlations with radiotherapy planning parameters for the subgroup of patients treated to prostate only. Results No immune cell subset (except for naïve CD4 + cells) showed significant early changes, whereas proliferation rate was elevated for all tested subsets except regulatory T cells (Tregs). Radiation volumes and doses to immune related volumes (V20 vessels and V20 bone marrow) are partly interrelated. Volume of CTV only showed a modest correlation with naïve CD4+ cells and NK cells. In contrast V20 of pelvic bone marrow as well as V20 of blood vessels showed a positive correlation with Tregs with borderline statistical significance and a significant negative correlation with effector CD8 + T cells. Conclusion These data suggest that radiation to immune-related volumes such as pelvic bone marrow and large pelvic blood vessels are only partly predicted by CTV and PTV volume. Immune related volumes are correlated with relevant immune cell subsets (Tregs and effector CD8 + T cells) in a way that might suggest an impaired immune response with higher doses to these volumes. Further study of immune changes in correlation with radiation planning parameters seem promising, maybe even with a rationale for actively sparing immune related volumes. PO-1293 The forgotten history of Leopold Freund as a victim of Nazi policies in Vienna 1938/1939 F. Eckert 1 , N. Willich 2 , B.W. Corn 3 , A. Ley 4 1 University Hospital Tübingen, Radiation Oncology, Tübingen, Germany ; 2 University of Münster, Radiation Oncology, Münster, Germany ; 3 Sharei Tsedek, Cancer Center, Jerusalem, Israel ; 4 Sachsenhausen Memorial, Historical Research, Oranienburg, Germany Purpose or Objective Leopold Freund is regarded as the “Founder of Radiation Oncology” as he performed probably the first successful radiotherapy intervention in Vienna (1896) treating a hairy nevus in a child and publishing his results in 1897. While many are aware of this achievement, there is a another dimension of his story which is opaque to most people. As a Jew in Vienna he became a victim of Nazi policies immediately after Austria was annexed by Germany in 1938, emigrated to Brussels and was persecuted again after the German invasion of Belgium. Material and Methods Archival material was collected from national, city and university archives in Vienna, Austria as well as national and city archives in Brussels, Belgium. The academic career of Leopold Freund and his radiotherapy of a hairy nevus of a 5-year-old girl were reconstructed. However, a special focus was placed on Leopold Freund’s struggle to obtain a Visa to emigrate after the “Anschluss” of Austria to the German Reich and the humiliation he and his wife sustained until their emigration in 1939. Results All assets of Leopold Freund and his wife Stefanie, née Abeles, were frozen in 1938. Nonetheless, the couple tried to emigrate from Vienna. A colleague of Leopold Freund in Brussels, Félix Sluys, advocated for them to obtain a Visa for Belgium. At the same time, the Freunds had to leave their apartment in the 1st district of Vienna (close to the Stephansplatz) and move to the less representative area of the 19th district. In December 1938 the police searched the apartment due to “suspicious behavior” and arrested Leopold Freund, who was released only three days later. In August 1939, after paying an enormous “Reichsfluchtsteuer” (“Tax for fleeing from the Reich”), the Freunds were finally able to immigrate to Brussels. The