Particle Therapy 2017

diffusion limited irregular distribution of tumor vessels lead to limited O2 diffusion within the tumor at distances >100–200 µm. Hypoxia in solid tumors aerobic cells

perfusion limited changes in vascular stability + dynamic fluctuations in micro-regional tumor perfusion within tortuous blood vessels. further affected by the surrounding interstitial fluid pressure

chronically hypoxic cells

functional blood vessel

transiently occluded blood vessel

Horsman & Overgaard 1992

acutely hypoxic cells

necrotic cells

duration: minutes to few hrs

duration: days to weeks