ESTRO 2025 - Abstract Book

S2324

Interdisciplinary – Health economics & health services research

ESTRO 2025

3597

Digital Poster Estimation of benefits and risks of a preventive PET screening for early cancer detection Kateryna Vilchynska 1,2 , Kateryna Kriachok 1 , Oleg Bezshyyko 1 , Larysa Golinka-Bezshyyko 1 , Denys Klekots 1 1 Nuclear Physics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine. 2 Radiotherapy Department, Universal clinic Oberig, Kyiv, Ukraine Purpose/Objective: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, for example in the United States (US), it caused 1.8 million deaths (2015–2017). This study evaluates the impact of periodic F18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-18 FDG-PET) screening on the early detection of malignant tumors in asymptomatic individuals. While using PET in preventive mode introduces additional radiation risks, early detection of cancer can improve treatment outcomes and reduce the number of patient deaths. We used input data from US databases due to the best data completeness [1]. Material/Methods: We analyzed 2015–2017 data from the National Center for Health Statistics using Monte Carlo simulations to estimate cancer detection and cure rates from annual PET screenings for men aged 20–70. The model included stomach, lung, colon, liver, and bladder cancers, using PET sensitivity, treatment efficacy, and radiation exposure evaluated by Excess Absolute Risk (EAR) [2]. Risk estimates were derived for the selected cancer sites.

Results:

The blue dashed curve on the comparative graph shows cancer incidences, while the red dashed curve tracks the mortality rate. The incidence of selected cancers in men sharply increases once they reach the age of 40. The blue solid curve shows cancer incidences with regular PET screening, which is rising due to radiation exposure. In contrast, the same periodic PET screening reduces mortality, as presented by the red solid curve.